INDUSTRIAL MELANISM IN THE TWO-SPOT LADYBIRD AND SMOKE ABATEMENT
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Extreme Costs of Mating for Male Two-Spot Ladybird Beetles
Male costs of mating are now thought to be widespread. The two-spot ladybird beetle (Adalia bipunctata) has been the focus of many studies of mating and sexual selection, yet the costs of mating for males are unknown. The mating system of A. bipunctata involves a spermatophore nuptial gift ingested by females after copulation. In this study, we investigate the cost to males of mating and of tra...
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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common in animals and plants, and frequently impair individual fertility. Theory predicts that natural selection will favour behaviours that reduce the chance of acquiring a STI. We investigated whether an STI, Coccipolipus hippodamiae has selected for increased rejection of mating by female Adalia bipunctata as a mechanism to avoid exposure. We first ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Evolution
سال: 1971
ISSN: 0014-3820
DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1971.tb01883.x